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Bird identification and art by
David Allen Sibley

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The Sibley Guide to Bird Life and Behavior - References


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References

Loons
Grebes
Albatrosses
Shearwaters and Petrels
Storm-Petrels
Tropicbirds
Boobies and Gannets
Pelicans
Cormorants
Darters (Anhinga)
Frigatebirds
Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns
Ibises and Spoonbills
Storks
New World Vultures
Flamingos
Ducks, Geese, and Swans
Hawks and Allies
Falcons and Caracaras
Chachalacas and Allies
Grouse, Turkeys, and Allies
New World Quail
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots
Limpkin
Cranes
Thick-knees
Plovers and Lapwings
Oystercatchers
Stilts and Avocets
Jacanas
Sandpipers, Phalaropes, 
and Allies

Coursers and Pratincoles
Gulls, Terns, and Allies
Auks
Pigeons and Doves
Parrots and Allies
Cuckoos, Roadrunners, 
and Allies

Barn Owls
Typical Owls
Nighthawks and Nightjars
Swifts
Hummingbirds
Trogons
Hoopoe
Kingfishers
Woodpeckers and Allies
Tyrant Flycatchers
Shrikes
Vireos
Crows and Jays
Larks
Swallows and Martins
Chickadees and Titmice
Penduline Tits (Verdin)
Long-tailed Tits (Bushtit)
Nuthatches
Creepers
Wrens
Dippers
Bulbuls
Kinglets
Old World Warblers and 
Gnatcatchers

Old World Flycatchers
Thrushes
Babblers (Wrentit)
Mockingbirds and Thrashers
Starlings and Mynas
Accentors
Wagtails and Pipits
Waxwings
Silky-flycatchers
Olive Warbler
Wood-Warblers
Bananaquit
Tanagers
New World Sparrows
Cardinals and Allies
Blackbirds, Orioles, and Allies
Finches and Allies
Old World Sparrows


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Family chapters: further reading

Clicking on the family names at the left will lead to the list of "further reading" for that chapter.

An explanation of the lists and some general references are included below.

If you have questions or comments please write to Chris Elphick. Thanks.  

The Sibley Guide to Bird Life & Behavior was conceived as a popular reference giving the average birdwatcher or student access to a broad range of information about birds. Nearly all of the information in the book is based on published research, and we acknowledge our debt to the work of countless ornithologists and naturalists.

In scientific literature published references are cited in the body of the writing. The most common form is to list the reference after a specific fact that is not common knowledge, for example: "...this species lays an average of 6 eggs, but as many as 12 eggs have been recorded in a single nest (Smith, 1985)". In this example someone with the last name Smith published a paper or a book in 1985 which included the information on clutch size. An alphabetical listing by author of all the literature cited in a paper will tell the reader exactly what journal and what pages "Smith, 1985" can be found in. The reader can then go back to the original source of the data for further reading or to double check details like just how sure Smith was about the record of 12 eggs in one nest.

In The Sibley Guide to Bird Life & Behavior we chose not to follow the common practice in the scientific literature of inserting citations into the text.  We made this decision because we felt that many people would find the book less readable if citations were included, and because the inclusion of citations and a comprehensive reference list would have taken up many extra pages and reduced the amount of biological information that the chapters could cover.  As practicing ornithologists, however, we recognize that many readers will want to follow up on ideas, delve further into the literature, or simply check out the original sources.  Consequently, we asked each of the authors to provide us with a list of key references.  We suggested that they include any major works on the family, plus specific papers that deal with topics that receive particular attention in the chapters. In some cases, we have augmented these lists with additional references that we felt covered topics that readers would find especially interesting.   No doubt some will find these lists incomplete, but we also wanted to avoid lists that were so long as to be unwieldy to use. If you are searching for information on a particular species and cannot find appropriate citations here, we suggest that you check the Birds of North America series, edited by Alan Poole and Frank Gill (Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, 1992-present; accounts for all North American breeding species are projected to be available by the end of 2002).  These life-history reviews provide the most comprehensive information available for North America birds.  For summary information on individual species we suggest The Birders Handbook by Paul R. Ehrlich, David S. Dobkin, and Darryl Wheye (Simon and Schuster, New York, 1988) or Lives of North American Birds by Kenn Kaufmann (Houghton-Mifflin, New York, 1996).  For extensive reviews of the scientific literature on each bird family and summary information on species found outside the United States and Canada, the best general reference is the fantastic Handbook of the Birds of the World, edited by Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott, and Jordi Sargatal (Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 1992-present; currently 6 of a projected 18 volumes have been completed – collectively covering most nonpasserine bird families).  These general references, and others mentioned in the Introduction to the book, generally are not included in the reference lists that follow. 

If you have questions or comments please write to Chris Elphick. Thanks.